Ameliorative effect of wheat germ and/or grape seed oils on hematological, kidney functions and lipid profiles in rats co-administreted chlorpyrifos

Organophosphorous pesticides such as chlorpyrifos [CPF] are substances used worldwide for agricultural purposes. CPF induce oxidative stress leading to the generation of free radicals. The purpose of this study was to assess the biochemical role of wheat germ and grape seed oils on the kidney function tests and the oxidative stress alteration induced by chlorpyrifos in rats, moreover the heamatological, lipid profile. Throughout this study a total number of 70 rats were subjected to experimentation for 4 weeks and divided into 7 groups. The results demonstrated that there were significant decrease in the total counts of RBC's, WBC's, erythrocyte indices, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit level in experimental rats fed diets containing low and high levels of CPF. CPF caused a significant increase in serum creatinine and urea the increase reached 211.39% and 104.29% respectively for high dose of CPF received rats as compared to control rats. The treatments with, wheat germ oil, grape seed oil at the tested doses significantly reduced serum creatinine by 27.84% and 15.19% for G6 and G4 respectively. Concerning the values of lipid profile measurement, it was clear that low and high dose CPF received rats induced a significant increase in the level of serum total lipid, total cholesterol and triacylglycerols, also this reflects an elevation in the level LDL-C, VLDL-C and LDL/HDL ratio. Meanwhile, wheat germ oil supplementation reduced the serum LDL-C, VLDL-C and LDL/HDL ratio and increased serum HDL-C. It can be concluded that wheat germ oil and grape seed oils, used are valuable natural antioxidants for protecting against oxidative toxic effects of CPF and cell damage caused by toxic chemicals

Effect of antioxidant vitamin on oxidative stress induced by high dietary iron in rats

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of dietary antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin C and vitamin E. alone and in combination on the oxidative stress induced by high dietary iron concentration in male albino rats

biochemical effects of dietary boron supplementation on immune response, steroid hormones and minerals metabolism

To investigate the effect of dietary boron [B] supplementation as sodium tetraborate on immune response, steroid hormones, and minerals metabolism in female albino rats. Eight groups each of eight female albino rats were divided as following-Group I [control group]; rats were feed on a standard basal diet. Group II; rats fed on basal diet+5 mg B/100 g diet. Group III; rats fed on basal diet+10 mg B/100 g diet. Group IV; rats fed on basal diet+15 mg B/l00 g diet. Group V; rats fed on basal diet+20 mg B/100 g diet. Group VI; rats fed on basal diet+25 mg B/100 g diet. Group VII; rats fed on basal diet+30 mg B/l00 g diet. Group VIII; rats fed on basal diet + 35 mg B/100 g diet for six weeks. The cell-mediated immune response was induced by an intradermal injection of 0.1 ml of phytohemagglutinin [PHA] [150 micro g/0.1 ml] in the flank region on both the right and left sides. Inflammatory response was measured as a change in skin thickness prior to and at 6, 12, 24 and 48h after PHA injection. In addition, serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], progesterone, l7 beta-estradiol [E[2]], calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, total cholesterol, triacylglycerofs, and alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity were measured. The immune response was increased by dietary boron supplementation at 6h alter injection compared to zero time. At 12h after injection the immune response had the lowest values in all rat groups fed diets containing different doses of dietary boron [5-35 mg B/100 g diet]. Serum levels of FSH and LH were not affected by boron supplementation While, serum concentration of 17 beta-estradiol increased significantly by increasing boron supplementation. In addition, serum levels of total cholesterol and tnacylglycerols were reduced in rats fed diets supplemented with 20-35 .mg B/100 g diet. In addition, serum levels of ALP activity was reduced in all treated groups compared to control group. Serum levels of calcium were increased' in rat groups fed diets containing 10-25.mg B/100 g diet, and then reduced as the supplementation of dietary boron increased [30 and 35 mg B/100 g diet]. A significant reduction was observed in serum inorganic phosphorus concentration in rats fed diets supplemented with boron at tested doses of 10-35 mg B/100 g diet. Dietary boron supplementation has regulatory effects on immune response increased estrogen levels, and maintenance of bone integrity, which may have a preventive effect on the development of osteoporosis

Influence of megadoses of nicotinic acid [Niacin] on lipids turnover and atherosclerosis in mice

The effect of megadoses of nicotinic acid [niacin, vitamin B3] on lipids turnover and atherosclerosis was evaluated in male adult mice fed diets containing different levels of nicotinic acid Six groups each of eight mice, mean weight varied between 17.1 to 19.6 g were fed on either basal control diet containing 30 mg nicotinic acid/kg diet or experimental diets containing 300,1500,3000,4500 and 6000 mg nicotinic acid/kg diet. Production performance and serum biochemical parameters were evaluated. Relative weights of liver and brain were significantly different while relative weights of heart showed no significant variations between different groups. The values of serum total lipids, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and glucose were significantly decreased in mice fed on diets containing 300mg [G2], 1500mg [G3] and 3000mg [G4] of nicotinic acid/kg diet and increased in groups containing 4500mg [G5] and 6000mg [G6] when compared with control group. Whereas, serum triacylglycerols and VLDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly decreased in all groups except G6 as compared with control group. Significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol values and HDL-c/LDL-c ratio were observed in G2,G3 and G4 and decreased in G5 and G6.Serum levels of creatine kinase activity [CK] enzyme were not affected by different treatments. While levels of lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] enzyme were significantly increased in all groups as compared with the control group, It was concluded that high doses of niacin rang between 300 to 3000 mg/kg diet had hypolipidemic action and reduced the hazards of atherosclerosis in mice